Railway transport – basic terms and concepts

On the territory of our state has a “LAW H I K R A ¯ NI Pro zalіznichny transport (Vіdomostі Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (VVR), 1996, N 40, art. 183)” in accordance with which the cargo carried in Ukraine, and carried out import-export operations. This Act specifies the basic terms, such as freight, railways and stations, etc. so loads – this items accepted for delivery to public rail transport to the destination of the contract of carriage. Transportation process – a set of organizational and technologically interconnected operations for passengers, cargo and baggage public rail transport.

Besides this document, there are many others that directly regulate trucking, because the law covers w / d transport in general, including passenger transport, so the knowledge of one of the law is not enough.

All the details of rail freight can only know the one who is constantly engaged in such activity. In GC Neolit LogisticsHIC work just such specialists.

In order to understand how the transportation process in railway transport, it is necessary to start with the basic terms used in this field, so will touch on the main ones:

Rolling stock – a single transport unit.

Rolling stock is divided into subspecies: passenger and cargo transportation.

Railway rolling stock can be: the traction, the motor-car rolling stock, not self-propelled and self-propelled rolling stock rolling stock. Wagons and locomotives are formed in the train.

Train – it formed part of the attached several cars, one or more locomotives (motorized vehicles). Train can be considered as one locomotive without cars. Unlike the train from the train that the train – a train that has been assigned a room, picked the head of the train and is driven by a motor car or locomotive.

Railway wagon – propelled vehicle designed to travel on rails or other ways and operated by a locomotive.

Train station – the main object of railway transport, having gridiron, allowing to perform operations for receiving, sending, and crossed overtaking train operations for receiving, issuing of goods, baggage and freight and passenger services, and travel with advanced devices – shunting work on the formation and disbandment of trains and technical operations with trains.

Railway track – a complex linear and focused engineering structures and arrangement, located in the right of way, forming a road with a track of the guide rail.

One more important thing that you need to know to train sphere of all goods harmonized and structured in a special way. Each type of cargo is assigned a specific code on the basis of which the railroad according to the tariff manual is written off for his carriage.

TARIFF GUIDE – “systematic publication, which publishes approved in the prescribed manner, are included in the tariff rates for works and railway transport services, fees, procedure for calculating the rates for the carriage of passengers, cargo, baggage, freight, use of cars, containers.”

      The code consists of a main cargo ETSNG code characterizing a certain group of products (n .: construction materials) and GNG – subcode characterizing certain goods (cargo).

ETSNG – Code unified tariff and statistical nomenclature of cargoes is used to determine the appropriate rate for the purposes of accounting and automation taksirovki freight rates.

ETSNG is a 5-digit code, in which:

• The first two digits of the code indicate the serial number of the group. Five-digit tariff group always ends with three zeros (01000, 02000 … 15000 … 30000 … 69000)

• The third digit of the code indicates the serial number of the position in the corresponding tariff group. Five-digit tariff line always ends with two zeros (01100, 02100 … 15100 … 30100 … 69100).

GNG – Harmonized Commodity (GNG) is used for the description and coding of goods in international freight transport of the Organization for Cooperation of Railways (ORC), participating in or applying the provisions of the SMGS SMGS.

GNG is based on the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System of the World Customs Organization and the relevant harmonized cargo nomenclature of the International Union of Railways (NHM).

It is important to know that shipping by rail, there is a list of goods to be protected, regardless of whether it wants to or not the owner of the cargo. These goods include valuable goods that can easily steal, for example, household appliances and other equipment. The cost of the protection of the goods as a rule, once included in the cost of trucking.

Analogue of the waybill in the railway transport is the SMGS consignment note.

Consignment Note (SMGS) – a railway document, which is documenting the contract of carriage between the shipper and the railway administration. He advocates a document of title and confirmation of the railroad to accept the goods for carriage. Prepared by the shipper at the departure station and follows with a cargo to the destination station, which is issued to the consignee.

This is perhaps the key terms you need to know when organizing shipment by rail. But that would be to protect yourself from possible errors, it is better to entrust it to professionals who have been working for many years in the Civil Neolit Logistics.