The use of pallets in freight traffic

Pallet (PLT, PLL) – stand under the load in the form of a flat rectangle with a gripper for forklift and projections for attaching the sling.
The very first pallet can be called a skid (skid). It began to be used in the early twentieth century in American factories for the purpose of consolidation packages for the carriage of weapons. Skid is a wooden board with attached on the sides of the boards. Over time, the skid was improved, and in 1925 to the boards had been nailed another shield, which was the prototype of the modern pallet.
It is important to distinguish between the pallets and cargo space. In the international traffic in the shipping documents often indicate the number of packages (COLLI). This term should understand any unit of cargo that can be overloaded without repackaging. This can be a pallet, and bag, boxes, cans, etc.
Nowadays, the use of pallets during transportation has become widespread. This is primarily due to the automation of the processes of loading and unloading, as well as concern for the safety of the goods. Thanks pallet cargo is delivered in one piece without any problems with downloading.

Pallet loading with a forklift

The cargo pallets can be classified according to different parameters. Thus, depending on the length of service can be identified and multi-disposable pallets. After use, disposable pallets them disposed of, and multi-use in future activities. Reusing such a case no influence on the deterioration of the properties and characteristics palllety.
By the number of captures for a forklift truck isolated double flighted and quadrifilar pallets. Double flighted pallet truck picks up on two opposite sides, quadrifilar – four sides. Thus, the probability of damage to the goods during loading is minimized.
Pallets are made of different kinds of materials. The most common material for today – a tree. These pallets are environmentally friendly, to be easily repairable and have a relatively small cost. But very often wooden pallets are displaced plastic. These pallets are lighter, do not give the processes of decay and easily stored. Very durable and are metal pallets, but due to the large mass of their application is limited. There are also combined pallets, which have all the advantages of these materials.
Pallets are also classified by the number of sites for freight. Pallets are odnonastilnye and dvuhnastilnye. On the first type of pallet load is placed on one of their sides. Dvuhnastilnye pallets have two tiers, allowing you to place more products on one pallet.
For any kind of pallet load is secured at the expense of laying (cargo holds himself at the expense of its weight), by linking the pallet fixture (strips of cloth, plastic or metal), due to the cargo pallet wrapping in a stretch or shrink.

Optional mounting load to the pallet

ISO identifies the following sizes of pallets used in domestic and international traffic:
• 800×1000 mm.
• 800×1200 mm (standard, or so-called European pallet Eur-pallet. It put a stigma EUR or EPAL, the maximum permissible load on pallet 1 2 tons .. Made standard UIC 435-2)

The dimensions of Euro-pallets

• 1000×1200 mm. (Common type of pallets in Finland, Finnish pallet, FIN-pallet, the maximum permissible load on one pallet of 2.5 tonnes, the European standard ISO 3676)
• 1200×1600 mm.
• 1200×1800 mm
  In the US, mainly used by the US standard size pallets 1016×1219 mm.