Bulk cargoes

Bulk (bulk) goods – a cargo transport container which is not in use, since it is impossible to apply to these types of goods. One of the main characteristics of such goods is their flowability and constant change of unstable shape. There is no clear bulk cargo sizes. The basic parameters of the measurement is the weight and volume. The main types of bulk (bulk) goods are: building materials, coal, ore, grain, products of the mining industry. The peculiarity of these goods is that they consist of moving particles of different sizes, which may be either homogeneous or heterogeneous in composition. Theoretically, bulk cargo can be divided into two main categories: cereals and grains. For grain loads are for agricultural purposes, and not to the rest of the grain (industrial, construction, food).

For transportation of bulk cargo using two modes of transport: road (land) and sea. In any type of transportation, there is a certain danger in transportation: the cargo can arbitrarily move, move to board the vehicle, vessel creating friction and heating of the surface; can self-ignite and self-heating; may allocate cargo spaces toxic and explosive gases, to reduce the oxygen content in the hold air; accelerate the corrosion of the metal; violate local or longitudinal strength of the vessel.

To ensure safe transportation of bulk cargo skipper is required to have full information on the physico-chemical properties of the cargo on its impact on the ship’s crew and the environment during transportation. It is important to take into account also the fact that the transport of certain types of goods is their seal or drying.

Bulk cargoes are transported in large quantities and are loaded at ports in the berths equipped with specialized equipment.

Antonenko M.I